ABSTRACT
Background: Several methods have been used to blunt the cardiovascular response associated with laryngoscopyand tracheal intubation in susceptible patients to prevent myocardial ischemia and cerebrovascular events. For almost75 years measures are taken to prevent such responses with more focus on pharmacological methods as compared tonon-pharmacological methods. Our study has focused on non-pharmacological methods in the form of using different kindof laryngoscopes in the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Group I and II patients to compare hemodynamicresponses and electrocardiographic changes in three groups, namely, Macintosh, McCoy, and Video laryngoscope (primaryaim) and also to assess the intubation time, number of attempts and complications (bleeding, laceration, dental injury, andsore throat) if any (secondary aim).Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 90 patients of the ASA Grade I and II posted for elective opencholecystectomy surgeries under general anesthesia. Patients were allotted into three groups: Group A (Macintosh), GroupB (McCoy), and Group C (Video) and they were intubated with their respective laryngoscopes and hemodynamic parametersat 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 min after laryngoscopy were recorded along with time of intubation and any complications associatedwith the procedure.Results: The time of intubation was shortest with Group C (Video) when compared with Group A (Macintosh) and Group B(McCoy). Hemodynamic changes of patients were lowest in Group C (Video) than Group B (McCoy) and highest with Group A(Macintosh). Furthermore, number of attempts at intubation was higher with Macintosh and McCoy as compared to with Videolaryngoscope group. Likewise, more complications such as dental injury and injury to oral mucosa were seen with Macintoshlaryngoscope than McCoy and least with Video laryngoscope. The results were compiled and analyzed using software IBMSPSS 26 to draw relevant conclusions.Conclusion: Thus, we can see that with the use of Video laryngoscope, lesser alterations in hemodynamics are produced whichcan reduce the incidences of myocardial ischemia and cerebrovascular accidents in susceptible patients. Furthermore, lessertime taken by Video laryngoscope in intubation again reduces the stress response to laryngoscopy in susceptible patients.Laryngoscopy by Video laryngoscope is comparatively easy when compared with Macintosh and McCoy laryngoscopes asnumber of attempts and complication rate was lesser with Video laryngoscope.